{ Hosheah 6:5-7:
עַל-כֵּן, חָצַבְתִּי בַּנְּבִיאִים--הֲרַגְתִּים, בְּאִמְרֵי-פִי; וּמִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ, אוֹר יֵצֵא.
כִּי חֶסֶד חָפַצְתִּי, וְלֹא-זָבַח; וְדַעַת אֱלֹקִים, מֵעֹלוֹת.
וְהֵמָּה, כְּאָדָם עָבְרוּ בְרִית; שָׁם, בָּגְדוּ בִי.
"Therefore have I hewed them by the prophets, I have slain them by the words of My mouth; and thy judgment goeth forth as the light.
For I desire mercy, and not sacrifice, and the knowledge of God rather than burnt-offerings.
But they like men have transgressed the covenant; there have they dealt treacherously against Me."
}
4. Rabbi Abahu began, (Hoshea 6:7) וְהֵמָּה, כְּאָדָם עָבְרוּ בְרִית - "But they like Man (Adam) have transgressed the covenant" - this refers to the First Man (Adam).
Hashem said 'the First Man, I brought him in to the Garden of Eden, and I commanded him, and he transgressed my commandment, and I judged him with driving out and sending away, and I lamented (וקוננתי) upon him "Eicha."
'I brought him in to the Garden of Eden' - as it states (Bereishit 2:15) וַיִּקַּח ה אֱלֹקִים, אֶת-הָאָדָם; וַיַּנִּחֵהוּ בְגַן-עֵדֶן - "And the LORD God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden..."
'and I commanded him' - as it states, (Bereishit 2:16) וַיְצַו ה אֱלֹקִים, עַל-הָאָדָם לֵאמֹר - "And the LORD God commanded the man, saying..."
'and he transgressed my commandment' - as it states, (Bereishit 3:11) הֲמִן-הָעֵץ, אֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתִיךָ - "Hast thou {eaten} of the tree, whereof I commanded thee...?"
'and I judged him with driving out' - as it states, (Bereishit 3:24) וַיְגָרֶשׁ, אֶת-הָאָדָם - "So He drove out the man..."
'and I judged him with sending away' - as it states, (Bereishit 3:23) וַיְשַׁלְּחֵהוּ ה אֱלֹקִים, מִגַּן-עֵדֶן, "Therefore the LORD God sent him forth from the garden of Eden..." {though the words Elokim missing from the midrash}.
"and I lamented (וקוננתי) upon him "Eicha."' - as it states, (Bereishit 3:8), וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ, אַיֶּכָּה - "and {Hashem} unto him: 'Where art thou?' {Note: this is where Adam is and Chava hid in the garden when they heard the sound of Hashem tranveling in the garden. The midrash takes אַיֶּכָּה - 'where are you' as אֵיכָה - 'how does,' the first word in Lamentations. It does so by ignoring the nikud, the krei and showing how it can be read by looking only at the ketiv, the consonantal text.} אֵיכָה is written.
'Even his sons I brought into the Land of the Carmel', as it states, (Yirmiyahu 2:7) וָאָבִיא אֶתְכֶם אֶל-אֶרֶץ הַכַּרְמֶל - "And I brought you into a land of fruitful fields..."
'and commanded them,' as it states, (Vayikra 24:2) צַו אֶת-בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל - "Command the children of Israel." {The specific commandment is "that they bring unto thee pure olive oil beaten for the light, to cause a lamp to burn continually," but this is being taken to refer instead in this Midrash to the entire Torah. This verse is taken because it has the word צו, "command."}
'and they transgressed by commandment,' as it states, (Daniel 9:11) וְכָל-יִשְׂרָאֵל, עָבְרוּ אֶת-תּוֹרָתֶךָ - "Yea, all Israel have transgressed Thy law (Torah)."
'and I judged them with driving out,' as it states, (Hoshea 9:15) מִבֵּיתִי אֲגָרְשֵׁם - "I will drive them out of My house."
'and I judged them with sending away,' as it states, (Yirmiyahu 15:1) שַׁלַּח מֵעַל-פָּנַי, וְיֵצֵאוּ - "cast them out of My sight, and let them go forth."
'and I lamented upon them (Eicha 1:1) אֵיכָה יָשְׁבָה בָדָד - "Eicha Yashva Badad", How doth sit solitary...'
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