Tuesday, July 10, 2007

Daf Yomi Yevamot 84a: Slight Correction to Soncino Yevamot 84a

A slight correction to Soncino Yevamot 84a, at least based on the version available online. Perhaps it has already been corrected.

The following is my translation of the Mishna, from my Rif blog. Note how I translate the sentence marked in red:
{Yevamot 84a}
Mishna:
יש מותרות לבעליהן ואסורות ליבמיהן
מותרות ליבמיהן ואסורות לבעליהן
מותרות לאלו ולאלו
ואסורות לאלו ולאלו
There are some women who are permitted to their husbands but forbidden to their levirs {=brother-in-law}; who are permitted to their levirs but forbidden to their husbands; who are permitted to these and to these; and who are forbidden to these and to these.

מותרות לבעליהן ואסורות ליבמיהן
כהן הדיוט שנשא את האלמנה ויש לו אח כהן גדול
חלל שנשא כשרה ויש לו אח כשר
ישראל שנשא בת ישראל ויש לו אח ממזר
ממזר שנשא ממזרת ויש לו אח כשר
מותרות לבעליהן ואסורות ליבמיהן:
Who are permitted to their husbands and forbidden to their levirs:
A normal kohen who married a widow, and he has a brother who is a kohen gadol;
A chalal {offspring of forbidden relations for a kohen} who married a valid woman, and he has a valid brother;

ואלו מותרות ליבמיהן ואסורות לבעליהן כהן גדול שקידש את האלמנה ויש לו אח כהן הדיוט
כשר שנשא חללה ויש לו אח חלל
ישראל שנשא ממזרת ויש לו אח ממזר
ממזר שנשא ישראלית ויש לו אח ישראל
מותרות ליבמיהן ואסורות לבעליהן


And these are permitted to their levir and are forbidden to their husbands:
A kohen gadol who betrothed a widow and he has a brother who is a normal kohen;
a valid kohen who married a chalala, and he has a brother who is a chalal;
an Israelite who married a bastardess and he has a brother who is a bastard;
A bastard who married an Israelite woman and he has an Israelite brother;
they are permitted to their levirs but are forbidden to their husbands.

ואלו אסורות לאלו ולאלו
כהן גדול שנשא אלמנה ויש לו אח כהן גדול או כהן הדיוט כשר שנשא חללה ויש לו אח כשר
ישראל שנשא ממזרת ויש לו אח ישראל
ממזר שנשא בת ישראל ויש לו אח ממזר
אסורות לאלו ולאלו
ושאר כל הנשים מותרות לאלו ולאלו

And these women are forbidden to these and to these:
a kohen gadol who married a widow and he has a brother who is a kohen gadol or even a regular kohen;
a valid {kohen}
who married a chalala and he has a valid brother;
an Israelite who married a bastardess and he has an Israelite brother;
a bastard who married the daughter of an Israelite and he has a bastard brother,
they {the women} are forbidden to these and to these.

And the remainder of women are permitted to these and to these.
From the Soncino translation:
THE FOLLOWING ARE FORBIDDEN TO BOTH THE FORMER AND THE LATTER; IF A HIGH PRIEST WHO MARRIED A WIDOW HAD A BROTHER A HIGH PRIEST, OR IF A COMMON PRIEST OF LEGITIMATE STATUS WHO MARRIED A HALALAH HAD A BROTHER OF LEGITIMATE STATUS...
The point of distinction is where או כהן הדיוט attaches. Is it that the brother is either a kohen gadol or a normal kohen, or is it that the normal kohen who is valid marries? The correct attachment is the former. It is meant to contrast with an earlier case in the Mishna, where the kohen gadol merely betroths but does not marry the widow, where a normal kohen would be permitted:
כהן גדול שקידש את האלמנה ויש לו אח כהן הדיוט
Here, since it is full marriage rather than just betrothal, she is forbidden to a levir even if he is a regular kohen. And this is indeed what Rashi says, and what Soncino says, citing Rashi, in a footnote on this former case of betrothal in the Mishna.

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